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The climate of Catalonia is diverse. The populated areas lying by the coast in Tarragona, Barcelona and Girona feature a Mediterranean climate. The inland part (including the Lleida province and the inner part of Barcelona) show a mostly continental Mediterranean climate. The Pyreneean peaks have a mountain or even Alpine climate at the highest summits.

In the Mediterranean area, summers are dry and hot with sea breezes, and the maximum temperature is around 26-31°C. Winter is cool or cold depending on the location. It snows frequently in the Pyrenees, and it occasionally snows at lower altitudes, even by the coastline. Spring and autumn are typically the rainiest seasons, except for the Pyrenean valleys, where summer is typically stormy.

The inland part of Catalonia is hotter and drier in summer. Temperature may reach 35°C, some days even 40°C. Nights are cooler there than at the coast, with the temperature of around 14-16°C. Fog is not uncommon in valleys and plains; it can be especially persistent, with freezing drizzle episodes during winter, along the Segre and in other river valleys.